Hyperphagia can occur in people with all types of diabetes, including type 1 , type 2 , and gestational diabetes. In people with diabetes, hyperphagia is usually related to problems with insulin and blood sugar levels. Insulin is needed to help blood glucose enter cells, where it is used by the body for purposes such as energy.
People with diabetes either:. If left untreated, blood glucose cannot enter body cells effectively and is not used by the body, but stays in the bloodstream creating high blood sugar.
Because the cells are not receiving the energy they need, the body continues to send signals for more food. While adequate food is being eaten, the body cells are starving. This creates a vicious cycle in which the high blood sugar causes problems with insulin, and the problems with insulin cause feelings of hunger, encouraging excessive eating which in turn raises blood sugar.
Hypoglycemia can occur in people who are not diabetic and people who are diabetic. Unlike hyperglycemia in which there is too much glucose in the bloodstream, hypoglycemia results from too much insulin in the bloodstream and too little glucose. Episodes of hypoglycemia often occur at night and may lead to nighttime food cravings. Hypoglycemia can lead to a medical emergency if blood glucose levels drop too low. People with diabetes often keep high carbohydrate foods and drinks handy, such as glucose pills or juice, to raise their blood glucose quickly if it drops too low.
Tumors or damage to the hypothalamus region of the brain are associated with the development of hyperphagia, obesity , and insulin resistance. These are risk factors for a number of health conditions, including diabetes. It may be difficult at first to distinguish hyperphagia from simple food cravings. While eating may or may not provide temporary relief, the cravings and constant hunger will repeatedly return. If someone is experiencing signs of hyperphagia, they should consult with a healthcare provider.
Because hyperphagia can be caused by a number of different conditions, some of which are serious or life threatening, it is important to find the underlying cause of hyperphagia. Diabetes may be suspected if hyperphagia is accompanied by other symptoms such as:. Diabetes usually develops over time rather than suddenly:.
To determine the cause of hyperphagia, a healthcare professional may:. The most effective treatment for hyperphagia is to treat its underlying cause. In the case of diabetic hyperphagia, managing the diabetes will also manage the hyperphagia.
The treatment approach for diabetes depends largely on the type of diabetes. While type 1 diabetes is a lifelong autoimmune disorder, resulting in the inability to produce insulin, type 2 diabetes is much more common, can often be managed through lifestyle changes, and for some people goes away with treatment.
Type 1 diabetes almost always requires careful blood sugar monitoring and the administration of insulin. Monitoring can be done using at-home devices. Insulin is either injected or delivered through a pump that is affixed to the skin. This is usually performed by the person with diabetes, or a guardian if the person is a child. Type 2 diabetes may or may not require medication such as insulin or oral diabetes medication.
Both type 1 and type 2 diabetes require lifestyle habits such as:. While it is most important to control diabetes, there are some things to try that may help manage hunger with diabetic hyperphagia:. Medications such as liraglutide are being investigated as possible treatments for hypothalamic hyperphagia, but more research is needed. Can you see where this is going? If you lack incretin, food empties from the stomach faster meaning that you can be hungry shortly after finishing a meal!
Incretin can be replaced with certain injectable medications called incretin mimetics. In the US there are currently two, Byetta and Victoza.
Weight loss is often a side effect of these diabetes medications. Only your doctor can decide if these might be appropriate for you. Hope this works for you! I'm always hungry! Additionally, a high fiber intake influences the release of appetite-reducing hormones and the production of short-chain fatty acids, which have been shown to have fullness-promoting effects Several studies have found that soluble fiber, or fiber that dissolves in water, is more filling than insoluble fiber 27 , 28 , Many different foods, such as oatmeal, flaxseeds, sweet potatoes, oranges, and Brussels sprouts, are excellent sources of soluble fiber.
If your diet lacks fiber, you may find that you are always hungry. This is because fiber plays a role in reducing your appetite and keeping you full. Although it may save you time, distracted eating can be detrimental to your health. Several studies have shown that those who engage in distracted eating are hungrier than those who avoid distractions during mealtimes In one study, 88 women were instructed to eat either while distracted or sitting in silence.
Those who were distracted were less full and had a significantly greater desire to eat more throughout the day, compared with the non-distracted eaters Another study found that people who distracted themselves with a computer game during lunch were less full than those who did not play the game.
To avoid distracted eating, you can try practicing mindfulness, minimizing screen time, and silencing your electronic devices. Distracted eating may be a reason why you are always hungry, as it makes it difficult for you to recognize feelings of fullness.
Individuals who exercise frequently burn a lot of calories. This is especially true if you regularly participate in high-intensity exercise or engage in physical activity for long durations, such as in marathon training. Research has shown that those who exercise vigorously on a regular basis tend to have a faster metabolism, which means that they burn more calories at rest than those who exercise moderately or live sedentary lifestyles 34 , More recently, however, a systematic review of studies found no consistent evidence to support increased energy intake during exercise.
Additional randomized studies are needed The results were similar for men Although several studies have shown exercise to be beneficial for suppressing appetite, there is some evidence that vigorous, long-term exercisers tend to have greater appetites than those who do not exercise 39 , 40 , 41 , You can prevent excessive hunger from exercise simply by eating more to fuel your workouts.
It is most helpful to increase your intake of filling foods that are high in fiber, protein, and healthy fats. Another solution is to cut back on the time you spend exercising or reduce the intensity of your workouts. Individuals who regularly exercise at a high intensity or for long durations tend to have greater appetites and faster metabolisms. Thus, they may experience frequent hunger. Alcohol is well known for its appetite-stimulating effects Studies have shown that alcohol may inhibit hormones that reduce appetite, such as leptin, especially when it is consumed before or with meals.
For this reason, you may feel hungry often if you drink too much alcohol 43 , 44 , In one study, 12 men who drank 1. They were also more likely to consume high amounts of high fat and salty foods Alcohol may not only make you hungrier, but it also impairs the part of your brain that controls judgment and self-control. This may lead you to eat more, regardless of how hungry you are Drinking too much alcohol may cause you to feel hungry frequently due to its role in decreasing the production of hormones that promote fullness.
If you consume a lot of liquid foods, such as smoothies , meal replacement shakes, and soups, you may be hungrier more often than you would be if you ate more solid foods. One major reason for this is that liquids pass through your stomach more quickly than solid foods do 49 , Furthermore, some studies suggest that liquid foods do not have as great of an impact on the suppression of hunger-promoting hormones, compared with solid foods 49 , Eating liquid foods also tends to take less time than eating solid foods.
In one study, people who consumed a liquid snack reported less fullness and more feelings of hunger than those who consumed a solid snack. They also consumed more calories throughout the day than the solid-snack group To prevent frequent hunger, it may help to focus on incorporating more solid, whole foods into your diet.
Liquid foods do not have the same effects on keeping you full and satisfied as solid foods do. For this reason, you may feel hungry frequently if liquids are a major part of your diet. This is mostly due to its effects on increasing levels of cortisol , a hormone that has been shown to promote hunger and food cravings. For this reason, you might find that you are always hungry if you experience frequent stress 53 , 54 , 55 , In one study, 59 women who were exposed to stress consumed more calories throughout the day and ate significantly sweeter foods than women who were not stressed Another study compared the eating habits of young girls.
Those with higher stress levels were more likely to overeat than those with lower levels of stress. The girls with high stress levels also reported higher intakes of low-nutrient snacks like chips and cookies Many strategies can help you reduce your stress levels.
0コメント