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PLoS One. Download references. The Fund would like to thank the people who inject drugs for raising these questions but also for finding methods that reduce, as this study shows, harm associated to the injection of this pharmaceutical. We would also like to thank Ethypharm for accepting to perform the lab work to support this study. This study was funded by Apothicom Distribution, that is, Apothicom Distribution paid for the lab work done by Ethypharm. You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar.
LK proposed the protocol. Ethypharm provided the morphine sulphate and did the lab work. LK wrote the article, based on the report provided by Ethypharm. The author read and approved the final manuscript. Correspondence to Lenneke Keijzer. FRPA is a philanthropic organisation whose main mission is to reduce health risks resulting from drug use, in particular in people who inject drugs, a mission completely in line with the scope of this article. Indirectly, the financial situation of Apothicom Distribution thus has an influence on the financial health of the research and prevention fund.
The author thus has a professional and a personal interest in difficulties encountered by PWID when filtering their drugs, as well in filters as harm reduction tools. She has received no fee from Apothicom Distribution for this work, nor does she have any stock options of this company.
From my point of view, this type of studies on the efficacy and studies on the acceptability by PWID of harm reduction methods and tools are an important part of our work and help us to provide a service of a better quality. Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material.
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Reprints and Permissions. Keijzer, L. Reducing harm through the development of good preparation practices for the injection of slow release morphine sulphate capsules. Harm Reduct J 17, 48 Download citation. Tell your doctor if you notice severe drowsiness or slow breathing in the nursing baby.
Get emergency medical help if you have signs of an allergic reaction : hives; difficult breathing; swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or throat. Opioid medicine can slow or stop your breathing, and death may occur. A person caring for you should seek emergency medical attention if you have slow breathing with long pauses, blue colored lips, or if you are hard to wake up. Serious breathing problems may be more likely in older adults and people who are debilitated or have wasting syndrome or chronic breathing disorders.
This is not a complete list of side effects and others may occur. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. Avoid driving or hazardous activity until you know how this medicine will affect you. Dizziness or drowsiness can cause falls, accidents, or severe injuries. Use Morphine OMS exactly as directed on the label, or as prescribed by your doctor.
Do not use in larger or smaller amounts or for longer than recommended. Follow the directions on your prescription label and read all medication guides. Never use morphine in larger amounts, or for longer than prescribed. Tell your doctor if you feel an increased urge to take more of this medicine. Never share opioid medicine with another person, especially someone with a history of drug addiction.
Keep the medicine where others cannot get to it. Selling or giving away this medicine is against the law. Swallow the capsule or tablet whole to avoid exposure to a potentially fatal overdose. Do not crush, chew, break, open, or dissolve. Measure liquid medicine with the supplied syringe or a dose-measuring device not a kitchen spoon. You may have withdrawal symptoms if you stop using morphine suddenly.
Ask your doctor before stopping the medicine. Never crush a pill to inhale the powder or inject it into your vein. This can cause life-threatening withdrawal symptoms in the baby after it is born.
Babies born dependent on opioids may need medical treatment for several weeks. Do not breast-feed while taking morphine. This medicine can pass into breast milk and cause drowsiness, breathing problems, or death in a nursing baby. Follow the directions on your prescription label and read all medication guides.
Never use morphine in larger amounts, or for longer than prescribed. Tell your doctor if you feel an increased urge to take more of this medicine. Never share opioid medicine with another person, especially someone with a history of drug abuse or addiction. Selling or giving away opioid medicine is against the law. Swallow the capsule or tablet whole to avoid exposure to a potentially fatal overdose.
Do not crush, chew, break, open, or dissolve. Measure liquid medicine carefully. Use the dosing syringe provided, or use a medicine dose-measuring device not a kitchen spoon. Do not stop using morphine suddenly , or you could have unpleasant withdrawal symptoms.
Ask your doctor how to safely stop using this medicine. Never crush or break a morphine pill to inhale the powder or mix it into a liquid to inject the drug into your vein. This practice has resulted in death with the misuse of morphine and similar prescription drugs. Store at room temperature, away from heat, moisture, and light. Keep track of your medicine. You should be aware if anyone is using it improperly or without a prescription.
Do not keep leftover opioid medication. Just one dose can cause death in someone using this medicine accidentally or improperly. Ask your pharmacist where to locate a drug take-back disposal program. If there is no take-back program, flush the unused medicine down the toilet.
Morphine is sometimes taken only once per day, and sometimes 2 or 3 times per day. Since morphine is used for pain, you are not likely to miss a dose. If you do miss a dose, take the medicine as soon as you remember.
Then take your next dose as follows:. Do not take two doses at one time. Do not take more than your prescribed dose in a hour period. Seek emergency medical attention or call the Poison Help line at A morphine overdose can be fatal, especially in a child or other person using the medicine without a prescription. Overdose symptoms may include slow heart rate, severe drowsiness, muscle weakness, cold and clammy skin, pinpoint pupils, very slow breathing, or coma.
Avoid driving or hazardous activity until you know how this medicine will affect you. Dizziness or drowsiness can cause falls, accidents, or severe injuries. Get emergency medical help if you have signs of an allergic reaction : hives; difficult breathing; swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or throat.
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